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The Musunuri Nayaks were Warrior Kamma Kings of 14th-century South India who were briefly significant in the region of Telangana. They were warrior chieftains in the Kakatiya army, who regained Andhradesa in 1326 from the Delhi Sultanate in the aftermath of the Kakatiya defeat.〔After the Kakatiyas, V. Yashoda Devi, 1975, Andhra Pradesh Sahitya Academy, Hyderabad〕 Prominent among them were Musunuri Prolaya Nayak and Musunuri Kapaya Nayak, also known respectively as Prolaaneedu and Musunuri Kaapaaneedu. ==Opposition to Muslim invaders== 1323 CE was a turning point in the history of the Telugu-speaking region of South India. After the fall of the Kakatiya capital at Orugallu, Muslim armies annexed other parts of the region, capturing Kondapalli, Kondaveedu, Rajahmundry, Nidadavole, Nellore, and Kolanuveedu forts. The conquest spread up to Madhura (Tamil Nadu) . The Hoysala and Kampili kingdoms in Karnataka also became part of the Delhi Sultanate. The conquest of South India was complete.〔The Early Muslim expansion in South India, N. Ventakaramanayya, 1942〕 Ulugh Khan ascended the Delhi throne under the name Muhammad bin Tughluq.〔A history of South India from prehistoric times to the fall of Vijayanagar, K. A. Nilakanta Sastri, 1955, Oxford Univ. Press〕 The Telugu country was in great turmoil. Annaya Mantri and Kolani Rudradeva, who had both served as generals under Prataparudra II, united the remaining Nayak chieftains, instilling a sense of unity and sacrifice to protect the Telugu country and Hindu ''dharma''. However, neither wanted actually to lead and so Musunuri Prolaya Nayak, of the Kamma caste, was selected for that role. Little is known of Prolaya Nayak or indeed any of the Musunuri family; they are often described as "obscure". As uncertain as his rise were the methods used that enabled some limited amount of success for the venture, which saw the rebels defeating the Muslim armies in some battles and disrupting their cohesion in the region. The nobles were able to assert control in the Godavari area, over which Prolaya Nayak became ruler from 1325 until his death in 1333. He left no children and was succeeded by a cousin, Kapaya Nayaka, who governed until 1368 and attempted further to expand the Hindu rule. He took control of Warangal from Malik Maqbul in 1336 and thus also of a wider swathe of eastern Telangana that was governed from there. He also tried to support other rebels in surrounding areas, although in the case of aid given to Jaffar Khan — also known as Alauddin Baharnan Shah — the outcome was that his ambitious, unscrupulous and emboldened fellow rebel turned on him. Several military engagements with Khan followed over a period of years, during which Kapaya Nayaka had to cede various forts and territories. His weakened position was exploited by the Reddis and the Velamas, the latter of whom caused his death in battle at Bhimavaram and ended the period of Kamma rule. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Musunuri Nayak」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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